Chameleon lightingChameleons do require UV lighting to thrive. After trying several different products, my absolute favorite is the
ReptiSun 5.0 UVB fluorescent bulbs. I’ve had great success using them, they don’t burn-out, and it’s the only bulb I have used for years now.
UVB lighting allows chameleons to properly absorb calcium, and without it, they will develop metabolic bone disease (MBD) which is fatal.
If you live in an area where you can safely and responsibly let your chameleon get some natural sunlight, by all means do so. Just remember that UV rays do not penetrate through glass, so don’t place your pet chameleon by the window and think it’s getting beneficial UV light.
Basking bulbs are usually not mandatory, but I use them for almost all my chameleons. Why? Because I’ve found it’s always best to give your pet chameleon options, and let it decide what it wants.
Many hobbyists decide what their chameleon needs, rather than giving their pet options and then observing. I place a 65-watt halogen flood bulb on top of each chameleon cage, and then I pay attention to whether or not the chameleon uses the basking spot.
I’d estimate that 70% use the basking spot, spanning all types of species. The surface temperature of the basking spot is around 90F-95F. I’ve even seen my montane species basking many times.
Chameleons can use heat to their advantage if their body is fighting an infection or sickness, so while they may not regularly use the basking bulb, having it available to them can be an advantage.
Chameleon humidity levelsMaintaining humidity in a screened chameleon cage is admittedly a challenge. The reason is that with the added benefit of increased air circulation, you also lose humidity quicker than a solid-sided enclosure.
Live plants add humidity, and my favorite safe (ie. non-toxic if eaten) species is the
Schefflera arboricola. It’s a very common plant available at Home Depot, Lowe’s, or your local nursery. It’s inexpensive, grows quickly, looks great, and chameleons love it. The branches are thick and ideal for climbing.
My second favorite plant for chameleon cages is
Ficus benjamina. These also do well inside the enclosure, with mild lighting, but the leaves angle downward and in my opinion aren’t quite as ideal for trapping and holding water droplets for the chameleon to drink. The water tends to run off the leaves quickly. Also, the branches are not very thick, and tend to be more vertical.